Using mathematics to express ideas and solve problems.
- 2.3.1 Computation
- Add, subtract, multiply, and divide with whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and percents.
- Calculate averages, ratios, proportions, and rates.
- Convert decimals to fractions and fractions to decimals.
- Convert fractions to percents and percents to fractions.
- Convert decimals to percents and percents to decimals.
- Understand relationships between numbers and identify and understand patterns.
- Apply arithmetic operations on numbers, percentages, square root, exponentiation, and logarithmic functions.
- 2.3.2 Measurement and estimation
- Take measurements of time, temperature, distances, length, width, height, perimeter, area, volume, weight, mass, velocity, and speed.
- Use and report measurements correctly.
- Correctly convert from one measurement or unit to another (e.g., from English to metric or International System of Units (SI), or Fahrenheit to Celsius).
- 2.3.3 Application
- Understand number systems and relationships (e.g., whole numbers, decimals, fractions, alternate base systems).
- Understand plane and solid geometry (e.g., distance, perimeter, area, volume, spatial coordinates, visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric modeling).
- Use appropriate mathematical formulas and techniques to solve problems.
- Translate practical problems into useful mathematical expressions.
- Apply algebra, trigonometry, probability and statistics, differential and integral calculus, and multivariate calculus to solve engineering problems.
- Apply an appropriate area of mathematics in the planning or design of a facility, structure, system, or product or a portion of a facility, structure, system or product.
- Organize and analyze a data set to determine its statistical variability and to conduct hypothesis testing.
- Apply differential equations to characterize time-dependent physical processes.
- Use the language of mathematics to express mathematical ideas.
- Use inductive and deductive reasoning, conjectures, arguments, strategies, and interpretation of results.